Ammonium Formate (CAS 540-69-2): Comprehensive Technical Guide
Table of Contents
1. Basic Properties & Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | CH5NO2 |
| Molecular Weight | 63.056 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystalline solid |
| Density | 1.26 g/mL at 25°C |
| Melting Point | 119-121°C |
| Boiling Point | 100.6°C at 760 mmHg |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in water (143g/100g at 20°C) |
| CAS Number | 540-69-2 |
2. Key Applications
2.1 Chemical Synthesis
- Acts as a reducing agent in organic reactions (e.g., aldehyde/ketone reductions)
- Catalyst in esterification and carboxylation processes
- Methylation agent in pharmaceutical intermediates
2.2 Analytical Chemistry
- Protonation reagent in mass spectrometry for enhanced ionization efficiency
- Precipitation agent for alkali metals from noble metal salts
2.3 Industrial Applications
- Electrolyte component in capacitor manufacturing
- pH buffer in electroplating solutions
- Intermediate in dye and pigment production
3. Synthesis Methods
Primary Production Route:
Neutralization of formic acid with ammonia under controlled conditions:
HCOOH + NH3 → NH4HCOO
Process Notes:
- Reaction conducted at 0-5°C for optimal crystal formation
- pH maintained between 7.0-7.5 during neutralization
- Final product vacuum-dried to ≤3% moisture content
4. Storage & Safety Guidelines
| Parameter | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Storage Temperature | 15-25°C in sealed containers |
| Humidity Control | <40% RH (hygroscopic material) |
| Shelf Life | 24 months in original packaging |
| Incompatibilities | Strong acids, oxidizing agents, heavy metal salts |
Safety Precautions:
- Use PPE (gloves, goggles) to prevent eye/skin contact
- Decomposition products: NH3 and CO at >150°C
- Follow local regulations for chemical disposal
5. Industry Use Cases
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
Used in synthesis of antibiotic intermediates requiring controlled reduction reactions.
Electronics Industry
Component in high-purity electrolytes for tantalum capacitor production.
Analytical Laboratories
Preferred mobile phase additive in HPLC-MS for biomolecule analysis.
6. Technical Consultation & Ordering
For product specifications, bulk pricing, or custom synthesis requirements:
Email: info@vivalr.com
Tel: (86) 15866781826
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